Brown+v+Board

**What would break the back of Jim Crow America? What role did education play in the movement to desgregate America?**  ||= **Using the the links provided, analyze the landmark Supreme Court case //Brown v. Board of Education//. Cut and paste the information below into a new entry on your Unit 8 Online Notebook.** ||  ||=  ||
 * //BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION //


 * BASIC FACTS OF THE CASES (more than one) (check video, [|Link 1], [|Link 2], [|Link 3] ) **

It took place in Topeka, Kansas in 1954. And because of segregation in elementary schools and the harmful psychological effects on african american children. The plaintiffs, oliver brown and 13 other parents from Topeka, appealed against the Supreme Court because the 3 judge federal court ruled against the plaintiffs. the supreme court combined five cases under the hearing of brown v. board of education, because each were out for the same thing.


 * MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE PLAINTIFF (for integration) (check <span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">[|Link 1] <span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">) **

<span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Wanted to integrate schools and other public places. They've tested harmful psychological effects on african american kids


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="color: rgb(200,25,25);">MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE DEFENDANTS (for segregation) (check <span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">[|Link 1] <span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">) **

<span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">They wanted to keep everything segregated. The constitution didn't require black and white kids to go to the same school. It was a custom in the states for black and white people o be separated. It wasn't harmful to black people, white people were making a good effort to make the two educational systems equal.


 * <span style="color: rgb(200,25,25);">THE CHANGE IN THE COURT (leading to a decision) (check** <span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">[|**Link 1**] <span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">**)**

<span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"> When the Supreme Court agreed to hear //<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Brown v. Board // //<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">of Education //they knew it was going to be a difficult case from the start. So different social philosophies and temperaments divided the nine justices. Many worried that when integrating schools there wouldn’t be a way to enforce it. But then, in September 1953, Vinson died. President Dwight Eisenhower appointed Earl Warren as chief justice. This changed everything.


 * <span style="color: rgb(200,25,25);">THE COURT DECISION (in your own words) (check** [|**Link 1**] <span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">**and Link 2)**

Earl Warren agreed with the attorneys of the civil rights that it wasn’t clear whether or not the 14 amendment had to do with the segregation of schools. In 1896 the doctrine of separate but equal was made but this had to do with transportation, not education. "Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal."

<span style="color: rgb(200,25,25);">**<span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">ENFORCING THE DECISION <span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);">(discuss "with all deliberate speed) (Check [|Link 1] **<span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0,0,0);"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">**<span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">) **

<span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Though the Supreme Court declared segregation unconstitutional, they said states could get rid of it "with all deliberate speed", which allowed people in favor of segregation to resist it. This decision made by the Supreme Court caused a lot of problems with white people in favor of segregation. They said that it went against their way of life. One source says that "<span style="color: rgb(29,28,20); line-height: 22px; font-family: georgia;">Segregationists played on the fears and prejudices of their communities and launched a militant campaign of defiance and resistance." Even local governments, state governments, and companies ran by white supremacists tried to re-segregate their area. Picketers would protest the decision. Some white students even flew the Confederate flag to show that they don't support the decision. With some people supporting the desegration, and others strongly opposing it, this divided our nation in two again.

<span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">**THE IMPACT and LEGACY**  <span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">**(Check** [|**Link 1**] **)**

Throughout the mid 50s, the country was completely divided due to this issue. While black people enforced the Brown decision, many white supremacists strongly opposed and tried to resist this. They said that it went against the Southern way of life. Many people were not prepared for this type of resistance yet people who were for segregation were not prepared for what the African American were able to fight for their rights.

Even though it has been 50+ years since the Brown decision, there are still many civil rights movements going on, not only including a racial movement, but for women, different religions, and even due to sexual orientation, all demanding equality.